Emithi yesimanje, ikakhulukazi kuukuphathwa kwendlela yomoya futhiizinzwa, iI-endotracheal tube (ETT)idlala indima esindisa impilo. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namashubhu endotracheal-kusukela enjongweni yawo kanye nesakhiwo kuya ezinhlotsheni zawo kanye nenqubo ye-intubation.
Iyini i-Endotracheal Tube?
An i-endotracheal tubekuyinto eguquguqukayoidivayisi yezokwelaphaifakwe kuqhoqhoqho (uqhoqhoqho) ukuze kugcinwe umoya ovulekile, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokuhlinzwa noma ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Ivumela ukulethwa okuqondile komoyampilo, amagesi abulala izinzwa, neminye imithi emaphashini.
Kungani SisebenzisaI-Endotracheal Tubes?
Ama-ETT abalulekile ezimeni ezehlukene zomtholampilo, njenge:
Ukuvinjwa kwendlela yomoya (into ebanjwe endleleni yomoya, evimba ukugeleza komoya).
Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo (ukulahlekelwa okungazelelwe kokusebenza kwenhliziyo).
Intamo yakho, isisu noma isifuba sithola ukulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka, okuthinta indlela yokuphefumula.
Lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuphefumula ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho equlekile noma egula kakhulu.
Ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okuzokwenza ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphefumula uwedwa.
Ukwehluleka ukuphefumula kwesikhashana.
Ingozi yokulangazelela.
Izingxenye ze-Endotracheal Tube
Izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-endotracheal tube zihlanganisa:
- Umzimba we-tube: Yenziwe ngepulasitiki noma irabha, ifakwe kuqhoqhoqho
- I-Cuff: Ifakwe umoya ukuze ivale indlela yokuphefumula futhi ivimbele ukulangazelela
- Ibhaluni lomshayeli: Ibonisa ingcindezi ye-cuff
- 15mm isixhumi sendawo yonke: Ixhuma kuma-ventilators noma izikhwama ezenziwa ngesandla
- Iso likaMurphy: Iqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya noma ithiphu ivinjiwe
Izinhlobo ze-Endotracheal Tubes
Ama-ETT eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ezihambisana nezidingo zesiguli kanye nezimo zokuhlinzwa:
- Amashubhu aboshwe noma angaboshiwe
- Amashubhu omlomo noma emakhaleni
- Amashubhu enziwe ngaphambilini (RAE).
- Amashubhu aqinisiwe
- Amashubhu ane-lumen ephindwe kabili(DLTs) okwehlukanisa amaphaphu
Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Intubation ne-Endotracheal Tube
Abaningi bayawadida la magama, kodwa abhekisela ezintweni ezahlukene:
- Intubation: kuyinqubo yezokwelapha lapho ishubhu lifakwa kuqhoqhoqho (uqhoqhoqho) ngomlomo noma ngekhala.Ezimweni eziningi eziphuthumayo, ibekwa ngomlomo.
- I-Endotracheal tube: Idivayisi ephathekayo efakwe phakathi ne-intubation
Ungaqhubeka Kanjani Nge-Intubation (Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo)
Inqubo ye-intubation ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Lungiselela zonke izinto ezidingekayo
- Preoxygenate isiguli
- Faka ama-sedative kanye neziphumlisi zemisipha
- Zibone ngeso lengqondo izintambo zezwi usebenzisa i-laryngoscope
- Faka ithubhu endotracheal kuqhoqhoqho
- Gcoba i-cuff ukuze uvale indlela yokuphefumula
- Qinisekisa ukubekwa nge-capnography kanye ne-auscultation
- Vikela i-tube kanye nokuqapha
Izinzuzo Endotracheal Tubes
Ingagcina indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile, ngakho odokotela banganikeza umoya-mpilo, umuthi, noma izinzwa kwezinye iziguli ezigula kakhulu noma eziqulekile.
Sekela ukuphefumula kwezinye izifo ezithile, njengenyumoniya, i-emphysema, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuwa kwamaphaphu nokunye.
Usizo lokususa izinto ezivalekile endleleni yomoya.
Thola umbono ongcono wendlela yomoya ephezulu yomhlinzeki.
Vikela amaphaphu abanye abantu abangakwazi ukuvikela indlela yabo yokuphefumula futhi abasengozini yokuphefumula uketshezi (aspiration).
Kungani Khetha Amashubhu Endotracheal Alahlwayo?
Ama-ETT alahlwayonikeza ukuphepha nokunethezeka okuthuthukisiwe:
- Ukulawulwa kokutheleleka okuthuthukisiwe
- Susa izidingo zokuhlanza noma zokuvala inzalo
- Ibiza izindleko futhi yonga isikhathi
- Itholakala ngosayizi abaningi ukuze ilingane kangcono
Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yokukhetha Nokusebenzisa
Khetha i-ETT efanele ngokusekelwe ku:
- Iminyaka yesiguli kanye ne-anatomy yomoya
- Inqubo ehleliwe nobude besikhathi
- Ukuhambisana kwezinto (i-MRI-ephephile, i-latex-free, njll.)
Njalo qinisekisa ukubekwa okufanele ngesithombe nezimpawu zomtholampilo ukuze ugweme izinkinga.
Isiphetho
Ii-endotracheal tubeiyithuluzi elibalulekile ku-anesthesia nokunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukwazi ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani uhlobo olulungile, ukwenza i-intubation ngokuphepha, nokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kuqinisekisa imiphumela engcono yesiguli kanye nokuphathwa komzila womoya owenziwe kahle. Qhubeka nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokusebenzisa lesi sisetshenziswa sezokwelapha esibalulekile.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Iyini inhloso ye-endotracheal tube?
Isetshenziselwa ukugcina indlela yokuphefumula evulekile futhi ivumele ukuvuthwa kwemishini noma ukulethwa kwe-anesthesia.
Ishubhu le-endotracheal lihluke kanjani ku-intubation?
I-endotracheal tube iyithuluzi, kuyilapho intubation kuyisenzo sokufaka ithubhu kuqhoqhoqho.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ezahlukene zamashubhu endotracheal?
Yebo, kufaka phakathi amashubhu afakwe amakhafu, angafakwanga amasongo, ngomlomo, akhala, amelana ne-laser, namashubhu ane-lumen ephindwe kabili.
Ingabe ukusetshenziswa kwama-ETT alahlwayo kungcono?
Ama-ETT alahlwayo anciphisa izingozi zokutheleleka futhi aqede izinyathelo zokuhlanza, awenze aphephe futhi asebenze kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-24-2023