Isingeniso
Ama-catheter e-cannula emithanjeni (IV).zibalulekileimishini yezokwelaphaesetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze kufakwe uketshezi, imithi, nemikhiqizo yegazi ngokuqondile egazini lesiguli. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukunikeza ukuqonda okujulile kweIV cannula catheter, okuhlanganisa umsebenzi wazo, osayizi, izinhlobo, nezinye izici ezifanele.
Umsebenzi we-IV Cannula Catheter
I-IV cannula catheter iyishubhu elincanyana, eligobekayo elifakwe emithanjeni yesiguli, elinikeza ukufinyelela ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-IV cannula catheter ukuletha uketshezi olubalulekile, ama-electrolyte, imithi, noma ukudla okunomsoco esigulini, ukuqinisekisa ukumuncwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo egazini. Le ndlela yokuphatha inikeza izindlela eziqondile nezithembekile zokugcina ibhalansi yoketshezi, esikhundleni somthamo wegazi elilahlekile, nokuletha imithi ezwela isikhathi.
Ubukhulu be-IV Cannula Catheters
Ama-catheter e-cannula e-IV atholakala ngamasayizi ahlukahlukene, ngokuvamile ahlonzwa ngenombolo yegeji. I-gauge imelela ububanzi benaliti ye-catheter; inombolo yegeji encane, i-diameter inkulu. Osayizi abavame ukusetshenziswa be-IV cannula catheter bafaka:
I-1. I-14 kuya ku-24 Gauge: Ama-cannulas amakhulu kakhulu (i-14G) asetshenziselwa ukumnika ngokushesha uketshezi noma imikhiqizo yegazi, kuyilapho amasayizi amancane (24G) afaneleka ukunikeza imithi nezixazululo ezingadingi amazinga aphezulu okugeleza.
2. 18 kuya ku-20 Gauge: Lawa amasayizi asetshenziswa kakhulu kuzilungiselelo zesibhedlela esijwayelekile, ahlinzekela uhla olubanzi lweziguli kanye nezimo zomtholampilo.
3. I-22 Gauge: Ibhekwa njengelungele izingane kanye neziguli ezikhulile noma lezo ezinemithambo entekenteke, njengoba zibangela ukungakhululeki okuncane ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
4. 26 Igeji (noma ngaphezulu): Lawa ma-cannula azacile kakhulu asetshenziswa ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokunikeza imithi ethile noma ezigulini ezinemithambo ethambile kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ze-IV Cannula Catheters
1. I-peripheral IV Cannula: Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olufakwa emithanjeni ewumngcele, ngokuvamile engalweni noma esandleni. Zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane futhi zifanele iziguli ezidinga ukufinyelela okungajwayelekile noma ngezikhathi ezithile.
2. I-Central Venous Catheter (CVC): Lawa ma-catheter afakwa emithanjeni emikhulu emaphakathi, njenge-superior vena cava noma i-jugular vein yangaphakathi. Ama-CVC asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, ukusampula kwegazi njalo, kanye nokuphathwa kwemithi ecasulayo.
3. I-Midline Catheter: Inketho emaphakathi phakathi kwama-axillary catheter kanye nama-central catheter, ama-midline catheter ashuthekwa engalweni engenhla futhi axhunywe emthanjeni, ngokuvamile anqamuke azungeze i-axillary region. Zifanele iziguli ezidinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kodwa ezingadingi ukufinyelela emithanjeni emikhulu emaphakathi.
4. I-Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC): I-catheter ende efakwa ngomthambo ophumela ngaphandle (imvamisa engalweni) futhi iqhubeke kuze kube yilapho ichopho lihlala emthanjeni omkhulu omaphakathi. Ama-PICC avame ukusetshenziselwa iziguli ezidinga ukwelashwa okunwetshiwe ngomthambo noma lezo ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe komthambo we-peripheral.
Inqubo Yokufaka
Ukufakwa kwe-IV cannula catheter kufanele kwenziwe ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga futhi kuqinisekiswe ukubekwa okufanele. Inqubo ngokuvamile ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuhlolwa Kwesiguli: Umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uhlola umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, isimo semithambo, nanoma yiziphi izici ezingase zibe nomthelela enqubweni yokufaka.
2. Ukukhethwa Kwendawo: Indawo efanelekile yomthambo kanye nendawo yokushumeka ikhethwa ngokusekelwe esimweni sesiguli, izidingo zokwelashwa, kanye nokufinyeleleka kwemithambo.
3. Ukulungiselela: Indawo ekhethiwe ihlanzwa ngesisombululo se-antiseptic, futhi umhlinzeki wezempilo ugqoka amagilavu oyinyumba.
4. Ukufakwa: Kwenziwa imbobo encane esikhumbeni, futhi i-catheter ifakwa ngokucophelela ngokusikwa emthanjeni.
5. Ukuvikeleka: Uma i-catheter isisendaweni, ivikelwa esikhumbeni kusetshenziswa izinto zokunamathisela noma izinto zokuvikela.
6. Ukucwenga kanye nokukhipha amanzi: I-catheter igezwa nge-saline noma i-heparinized solution ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-patency futhi ivimbela ukwakheka kwehlule.
7. Ukunakekelwa Kwangemva Kokufakwa: Indawo igadwa ukuze kubhekwe noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izinkinga, futhi i-catheter dressing iyashintshwa njengoba kudingeka.
Izinkinga Nezinyathelo Zokuqaphela
Nakuba ama-catheter e-IV cannula ngokuvamile ephephile, kunezinkinga ezingaba khona ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo okufanele bazibheke, okuhlanganisa:
1. Ukungena: Ukuvuza koketshezi noma imithi ezicutshini ezizungezile esikhundleni somthambo, okuholela ekuvuvukeni, ebuhlungu, nasekulinyazweni okungase kube khona kwezicubu.
2. I-Phlebitis: Ukuvuvukala komthambo, okubangela ubuhlungu, ububomvu, nokuvuvukala endleleni yomthambo.
3. Ukutheleleka: Uma izindlela ezifanele ze-aseptic zingalandelwa ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma ukunakekelwa, indawo ye-catheter ingase itheleleke.
4. Ukuvaleka: I-catheter ingavaleka ngenxa yamahlule egazi noma ukushaywa ngokungafanele.
Ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo banamathela ezimisweni eziqinile zokufakwa kwe-catheter, ukunakekelwa kwesayithi, nokugcinwa. Iziguli zikhuthazwa ukuba zibike ngokushesha noma yiziphi izimpawu zokungakhululeki, ubuhlungu, noma ububomvu endaweni yokufaka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi.
Isiphetho
Ama-catheter e-cannula e-IV adlala indima ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwesimanje, okuvumela ukulethwa okuphephile nangempumelelo koketshezi nemithi ngokuqondile egazini lesiguli. Ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nezinhlobo ezitholakalayo, lawa ma-catheter avumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene zezidingo zomtholampilo, kusukela ekufinyeleleni kwesikhashana esifushane kuya ekwelapheni kwesikhathi eside ngemigqa emaphakathi. Ngokunamathela emikhubeni engcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokugcinwa, ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yesiguli futhi banciphise izinkinga ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-catheter ye-IV, baqinisekise ukwelashwa okuphephile nokuphumelelayo kweziguli zabo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-31-2023