Ngokugqashuka kwenguquko entsha yezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni wonke, imboni yezokwelapha iye yaba nezinguquko ezishintshayo. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1990, ngaphansi kwesizinda sokuguga emhlabeni wonke kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sabantu sezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphakeme, amarobhothi ezokwelapha angakwazi ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo zezokwelapha futhi adambise inkinga yezinsiza zezokwelapha ezinganele, osekudonse ukunakwa okusabalele futhi okuye kwaba usizo oluphuthumayo. i-hotspot yocwaningo lwamanje.
Umqondo wamarobhothi ezokwelapha
I-Medical Robot iyithuluzi elihlanganisa izinqubo ezihambisanayo ngokuvumelana nezidingo zenkundla yezokwelapha, bese lenza izenzo ezishiwo futhi liguqule izenzo zibe ukunyakaza kwendlela yokusebenza ngokuvumelana nesimo sangempela.
Izwe lethu linaka kakhulu ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha.Ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha kudlala indima enhle ekudambiseni ukuguga kwezwe lethu kanye nesidingo esikhula ngokushesha sabantu sezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Kuhulumeni, ngokukhuthalela ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha, kunokubaluleka okukhulu ukwenza ngcono izinga lezwe lethu lesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukwakha izinga lokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe, nokuheha amathalente esayensi nezobuchwepheshe asezingeni eliphezulu.
Emabhizinisini, amarobhothi ezokwelapha njengamanje ayinkundla eshisayo yokunakwa emhlabeni wonke, futhi amathemba emakethe abanzi. Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha ngamabhizinisi kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lobuchwepheshe kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe kwamabhizinisi.
Kusuka kumuntu, amarobhothi ezokwelapha anganikeza abantu izixazululo ezinembile, ezisebenzayo nezamuntu siqu zezokwelapha nempilo, ezingathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo yabantu.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamarobhothi ezokwelapha
Ngokokuhlaziywa kwezibalo zamarobhothi ezokwelapha okwenziwa yi-International Federation of Robotics (IFR), amarobhothi ezokwelapha angahlukaniswa abe yizigaba ezine ezilandelayo ngokwemisebenzi ehlukene:amarobhothi okuhlinza,amarobhothi okuvuselela, amarobhothi enkonzo yezokwelapha namarobhothi osizo lwezokwelapha.Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele ze-Qianzhan Industry Research Institute, ngo-2019, amarobhothi okuvuselela akleliswe endaweni yokuqala esabelweni semakethe samarobhothi ezokwelapha ngo-41%, amarobhothi osizo lwezokwelapha abalelwa ku-26%, futhi izilinganiso zamarobhothi enkonzo yezokwelapha namarobhothi okuhlinzwa ayengemaningi. ezahlukene. 17% no-16% ngokulandelana.
Irobhothi lokuhlinza
Amarobhothi ahlinzayo ahlanganisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zesimanje zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, futhi aziwa njengetshe eliyigugu emqhele womkhakha wamarobhothi. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amarobhothi, amarobhothi ahlinzayo anezici zomkhawulo wobuchwepheshe ophakeme, ukunemba okuphezulu, kanye nenani eliphakeme elingeziwe. Eminyakeni yamuva, amarobhothi amathambo kanye ne-neurosurgical amarobhothi okuhlinzwa anezici ezisobala zokuhlanganiswa kocwaningo lwemboni-inyuvesi, futhi inani elikhulu lemiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi iye yaguqulwa futhi yasetshenziswa. Njengamanje, amarobhothi okuhlinza asesetshenziswe ku-orthopedics, neurosurgery, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, i-gynecology nokunye ukuhlinzwa eChina.
Imakethe yamarobhothi ahlinzayo yase-China engahlaseli kancane isaphethwe amarobhothi angenisiwe. Irobhothi elihlinzayo iDa Vinci njengamanje liyilo irobhothi elihlinzayo eliphumelela kakhulu, futhi libe ngumholi emakethe yamarobhothi okuhlinzwa kusukela lagunyazwa yi-US FDA ngo-2000.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, amarobhothi ahlinzayo ahola ukuhlinzwa okungavamisile enkathini entsha, futhi imakethe ikhula ngokushesha. Ngokusho kwedatha ye-Trend Force, usayizi wemakethe yamarobhothi okuhlinzwa akude emhlabeni wonke wawucishe ube ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-3.8 ngonyaka wezi-2016, futhi uzokhuphuka ufinyelele ku-US$9.3 billion ngo-2021, ngesilinganiso sokukhula esiyinhlanganisela esingu-19.3%.
Irobhothi lokuvuselela
Ngokukhula komkhuba wokuguga emhlabeni wonke, isidingo sabantu sezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphezulu sikhula ngokushesha, futhi igebe phakathi kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa kwezinsizakalo zezokwelapha liyaqhubeka landa. Irobhothi lokuvuselela njengamanje liwuhlelo lwamarobhothi olukhulu kunazo zonke emakethe yasekhaya. Isabelo sayo semakethe sidlule kude leso samarobhothi okuhlinzwa. Umkhawulo wayo wezobuchwepheshe kanye nezindleko ziphansi kunamarobhothi okuhlinzwa. Ngokwemisebenzi yayo, ingahlukaniswa ibeamarobhothi e-exoskeletonfuthiamarobhothi okuqeqesha ukuvuselela.
Amarobhothi e-exoskeleton abantu ahlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obufana nokuzwa, ukulawula, ulwazi, kanye nekhompyutha ephathekayo ukuze anikeze opharetha isakhiwo esigqokekayo esenza irobhothi likwazi ukuzimela noma lisize iziguli emisebenzini ehlanganyelwe kanye nokuhamba okusizwayo.
Irobhothi lokuqeqesha ukuvuselela uhlobo lwerobhothi lezokwelapha elisiza iziguli ekuqeqesheni ukuvuselela ukuzivocavoca kusenesikhathi. Imikhiqizo yayo ihlanganisa irobhothi lokuvuselela izitho ezingenhla, irobhothi lokuvuselela izitho ezingezansi, isihlalo sabakhubazekile esihlakaniphile, irobhothi lokuqeqeshwa kwezempilo elisebenzisanayo, njll. Imakethe esezingeni eliphezulu yamarobhothi okuqeqesha ukubuyisela esimweni esijwayelekile ilawulwa yimikhiqizo yaseYurophu neyaseMelika efana ne-United States neSwitzerland, kanye ne amanani ahlala ephezulu.
Irobhothi lesevisi yezokwelapha
Uma kuqhathaniswa namarobhothi okuhlinzwa namarobhothi okuvuselela, amarobhothi enkonzo yezokwelapha anomkhawulo ophansi wezobuchwepheshe, adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha, futhi anamathemba abanzi okusebenza. Isibonelo, ukubonisana nge-telemedicine, ukunakekelwa kwesiguli, ukubulala amagciwane esibhedlela, usizo ezigulini ezihamba kancane, ukulethwa kwama-oda aselabhorethri, njll. E-China, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-HKUST Xunfei ne-Cheetah Mobile zihlola ngenkuthalo ucwaningo lwamarobhothi esevisi yezokwelapha ahlakaniphile.
Irobhothi losizo lwezokwelapha
Amarobhothi osizo lwezokwelapha asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezokwelapha zabantu abangakwazi ukuhamba noma abangakwazi ukuhamba. Isibonelo, amarobhothi abahlengikazi athuthukiswe phesheya afaka irobhothi elimnene elithi “care-o-bot-3” eJalimane, kanye ne-“Rober” kanye ne-“Resyone” athuthukiswe e-Japan. Bangakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wasendlini, olingana nabahlengikazi abambalwa, futhi bangakhuluma nabantu, banikeze induduzo engokomzwelo kwasebekhulile abahlala bodwa.
Esinye isibonelo, isiqondiso socwaningo nentuthuko yamarobhothi angabambisene nasekhaya ikakhulukazi esobungane bezingane kanye nemboni yemfundo yangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ummeleli “i-ibotn Children’s Companion Robot” eyakhiwe yi-Shenzhen Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., ehlanganisa imisebenzi emithathu ewumgogodla yokunakekela izingane, ubungane bezingane kanye nemfundo yezingane. Konke kokukodwa, ukudala isixazululo sokuma okukodwa kobungani bezingane.
Ithemba lentuthuko yemboni yamarobhothi ezokwelapha eChina
Ubuchwepheshe:Izindawo zamanje zocwaningo embonini yamarobhothi ezokwelapha ziyizici ezinhlanu: idizayini yokwenza amarobhothi, ubuchwepheshe bokuzulazula bokuhlinzwa, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, ubuchwepheshe be-teleoperation kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlinza kude, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi bezokwelapha bokuhlanganiswa kwedatha enkulu. Umkhuba wokuthuthuka wesikhathi esizayo uwukungcweti, ubuhlakani, ukwenza kancane, ukuhlanganisa kanye nokwenza kude. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo ukunemba, ukuhlasela okuncane, ukuphepha nokuzinza kwamarobhothi.
Imakethe:Ngokwesibikezelo seWorld Health Organisation, ukuguga kwesibalo sabantu baseChina kuzoba kubi kakhulu ngo-2050, kanti u-35% wabantu uzobe uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60. Amarobhothi ezokwelapha angakwazi ukuxilonga izimpawu zeziguli ngokunembe kakhudlwana, anciphise amaphutha okusebenza ngezandla, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezokwelapha, ngaleyo ndlela axazulule inkinga yokungatholakali okwanele kwezinsizakalo zezokwelapha zasekhaya, futhi abe nethemba elihle lemakethe. U-Yang Guangzhong, isazi se-Royal Academy of Engineering, ukholelwa ukuthi amarobhothi ezokwelapha njengamanje ayinkambu ethembisa kakhulu emakethe yamarobhothi yasekhaya. Sekukonke, ngaphansi kokuqhutshwa kwezindlela ezimbili zokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa, amarobhothi ezokwelapha aseChina azoba nesikhala esikhulu sokukhula kwemakethe esikhathini esizayo.
Amakhono:inqubo yocwaningo nentuthuko yamarobhothi ezokwelapha ibandakanya ulwazi lwezokwelapha, isayensi yekhompiyutha, isayensi yedatha, i-biomechanics kanye neminye imikhakha ehlobene nayo, futhi isidingo samathalenta ezinhlanga ezahlukene ezinezizinda ezixubile siya ngokuya siphuthuma. Amanye amakolishi namanyuvesi nawo aseqalile ukwengeza ama-majors ahlobene nezinkundla zocwaningo lwesayensi. Isibonelo, ngoDisemba 2017, i-Shanghai Transportation University yasungula i-Medical Robot Research Institute; ngo-2018, iNyuvesi yaseTianjin yahola ekunikezeni okukhulu kwe-"Intelligent Medical Engineering"; Okukhulu kwavunywa, futhi i-China yaba izwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukusungula i-majors ekhethekile ye-undergraduate ukuze iqeqeshe amakhono onjiniyela wokuvuselela.
Ukuxhasa ngezimali:Ngokwezibalo, ekupheleni kuka-2019, ingqikithi yemicimbi yezimali eyi-112 yayenzekile emkhakheni wamarobhothi ezokwelapha. Isiteji sezimali sigxile kakhulu kumjikelezo ka-A. Ngaphandle kwezinkampani ezimbalwa ezinoxhaso olulodwa lwama-yuan angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100, amaphrojekthi amarobhothi ezokwelapha amaningi anenani elilodwa lezimali le-yuan eyizigidi eziyi-10, kanti inani lemali lemiklamo eyindilinga yezingelosi isatshalaliswa phakathi kwe-yuan eyisigidi nesigidi esingu-10.
Njengamanje, kunezinkampani ezingaphezu kwe-100 eziqala amarobhothi ezokwelapha e-China, ezinye zazo okuyisakhiwo sezimboni zamarobhothi ezimboni noma izinkampani zemishini yezokwelapha. Futhi izihloko ezinkulu zebhizinisi ezaziwa njenge-ZhenFund, IDG Capital, TusHoldings Fund, kanye ne-GGV Capital seziqalile ukusebenzisa nokusheshisa ijubane labo emkhakheni wamarobhothi ezokwelapha. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamarobhothi ezokwelapha sekufikile futhi kusazoqhubeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-06-2023