Ngokuqubuka kwenguquko entsha yezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni, imboni yezokwelapha iguqukile izinguquko. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990s, ngaphansi kwesizinda sokuguga komhlaba kanye nokufunwa kwabantu kwezezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphakeme, amarobhothi ezokwelapha angathuthukisa ngempumelelo ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo zezokwelapha futhi anciphise inkinga yezinsizakusebenza ezinganele futhi esephenduke i-hotspot yamanje.
Umqondo wamarobhothi wezokwelapha
Medical Robot is a device that compiles corresponding procedures according to the needs of the medical field, and then performs specified actions and converts the actions into the movement of the operating mechanism according to the actual situation.
Izwe lethu likunaka kakhulu ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamarobhothi wezokwelapha.Ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha kudlala indima enhle ekunciphiseni ukuguga kwezwe lethu lezokwelapha.
Kuhulumeni, ukukhuthaza ngentshiseko ukuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi wezokwelapha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izinga lesayensi yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, dala izinga lobuchwepheshe obusha, nokuheha amathalente aphezulu wesayensi kanye nobuchwepheshe.
Kwamabhizinisi, amarobhothi wezokwelapha njengamanje ayinkambu eshisayo yokunakwa komhlaba wonke, futhi amathemba emakethe abanzi. Ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha ngamabhizinisi kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lobuchwepheshe kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe kwamabhizinisi.
Kumuntu, amarobhothi ezokwelapha anganikeza abantu abanezixazululo ezinembile, ezisebenzayo nezithandekayo zezokwelapha nezempilo, ezingathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yempilo yabantu.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamarobhothi wezokwelapha
Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwezibalo kwamarobhothi ezokwelapha yi-International Federation of Robotic (IFR), amarobhothi ezokwelapha angahlukaniswa izigaba ezine ezilandelayo ngokuya ngemisebenzi ehlukene:amarobhothi okuhlinza,Amarobhothi Wokuvuselela, Amarobhothi wesevisi yezokwelapha namarobhothi wosizo lwezokwelapha.Ngokusho kwezibalo ezingaphelele ezivela kwi-Qianzhan embonini yokucwaninga Institute, ngonyaka we-2019, amarobhothi okuvuselela ahlelwe kuqala emakethe yamarobhothi ezokwelapha anama-41%, kanti izilinganiso zamarobhothi ezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ziye zahluka kakhulu. 17% no-16% ngokulandelana.
Amarobhothi okuhlinza
Amarobhothi okuhlinza ahlanganisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zesimanje zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme, futhi zaziwa njenge-jewel emqhele womkhakha wamarobhothi. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amarobhothi, amarobhothi okuhlinza anezici zomkhawulo ophakeme wobuchwepheshe, ukunemba okuphezulu, nenani eliphakeme eliphakeme. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amarobhothi ama-Orthopedic kanye nama-neurosurgical amarobhothi okuhlinza anezici ezisobala zokuhlanganiswa kocwaningo lwemboni eyunivesithi, kanye nenani elikhulu lemiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi seliguquliwe futhi lisetshenzisiwe. Njengamanje, amarobhothi okuhlinza asetshenzisiwe kuma-orthopedics, i-neurosurgery, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, i-gynecology kanye nokunye ukuhlinzwa eChina.
Imakethe yaseChina e-China yokuhlanza amarobhothi namanje asathuthukiswa ngamarobhothi angenisiwe. I-DA Vinci Schlitrol Robot njengamanje iyi-robot evuthayo ephumelelayo kakhulu, futhi ibilokhu ingumholi emakethe yamarobhothi okuhlinza selokhu yaqinisekiswa yi-US FDA ngonyaka ka-2000.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, amarobhothi okuhlinza ahola ukuhlinzwa okuncane kakhulu esikhathini esisha, futhi imakethe ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokusho kwemininingwane ye-Trend Force, usayizi wemakethe we-robot okude kakhulu wawulingana cishe nama-3,8 billion ngonyaka we-2016, futhi uzokhuphuka abe ngama-US $ 9.3 billion ngo-2021, ngesilinganiso sokukhula okuhlanganisiwe.
Ukuvuselela irobhothi
Ngomkhuba okhulayo wokuguga emhlabeni wonke, isidingo sabantu sezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphakeme sikhula ngokushesha, futhi igebe eliphakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nokufunwa kwezinsizakalo zezokwelapha liyaqhubeka nokwanda. I-robot yokulungisa kabusha njengamanje uhlelo olukhulu lwamarobhothi emakethe yasekhaya. 'Isabelo semakethe yalo sedlulele kude lelo lamarobhothi okuhlinza. 'Umkhawulo wayo wezobuchwepheshe nezindleko ziphansi kunamarobhothi okuhlinza. Ngokwemisebenzi yayo, ingahlukaniswaamarobhothi e-exoskeletonna-amarobhothi okuvuselela amarobhothi.
Amarobhothi abantu ama-exoskeleton ahlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile njengokuzwa, ukulawula, imininingwane, nekhompyutha yeselula ukuhlinzeka ngama-opharetha ngesakhiwo esisezingeni elisezingeni elifanelekile noma ukusiza iziguli emisebenzini ehlanganyelwe noma kusize ukuhamba.
Ukuqeqeshwa kabusha irobhothi irobhothi luhlobo lwerobhothi lezokwelapha olusiza iziguli ekuqeqesheni kabusha kokuvuselela kabusha. Imikhiqizo yayo ifaka irobhothi eliphakeme le-limb apple, i-robot ephansi ye-limb, i-enterent wheelchair, i-enteracter yokuqeqeshwa kwezempilo, njll. Imakethe ephezulu yokuqeqeshwa kwezilwandle, amanani e-Switzerland ahlala e-United States naseSwitzerland, kanye namanani ahlala phezulu.
I-COOR yesevisi yezokwelapha
Uma kuqhathaniswa namarobhothi okuhlinza kanye nokuvuselela amarobhothi, amarobhothi wensiza yezokwelapha anomkhawulo ophansi wezobuchwepheshe, adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha, futhi abe namathemba wohlelo lokusebenza olubanzi. Isibonelo, ukubonisana nge-telemedicine, ukunakekelwa kweziguli, ukubulala amagciwane, usizo ezigulini ezinokuhamba okulinganiselwe, ukulethwa kwama-oda welebhu, njll. Izinkampani zeChina, izinkampani ze-Cheetah Mobile zihlola ngenkuthalo ucwaningo ngamarobhothi wezemisebenzi yezokwelapha.
Usizo losizo lwezokwelapha
Amarobhothi wosizo lwezokwelapha asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezokwelapha zabantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe noma ukungakwazi ukusebenza. Isibonelo, amarobhothi asebekhulile athuthukiswe phesheya ahlanganisa i-robot ephansi "ukunakekela-i-O-Bot-3" eJalimane kanye "neResyone" ne "Reslone" athuthukiswe eJapan. Bangenza umsebenzi wasendlini, olingana nabasebenzi babahlengikazi abaningana, futhi futhi bangakhuluma nabantu, banikeze induduzo engokomzwelo kubantu asebekhulile abahlala bodwa.
Kwesinye isibonelo, ukuqondiswa kocwaningo kanye nokuthuthuka kwamarobhothi ezilwaneni asekhaya ikakhulukazi kubangane bezingane kanye nomkhakha wezemfundo wakuqala. Ummeleli munye "umngane wezingane wezingane" owakhiwe nguShenzhen ubuhlakani obukhalipha, Ltd., Okuhlanganisa imisebenzi emithathu eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa kwengane, ubungani bezingane nemfundo yezingane. Konke kokukodwa, ukudala ikhambi elilodwa lokuma kobungani bezingane.
Ithemba lokuthuthuka kwemboni yamarobhothi e-China yezokwelapha
Ubuchwepheshe:Ama-hotspots acwaninga amanje embonini yamarobhothi wezokwelapha anezici ezinhlanu: Ukwakhiwa kwe-Robot Optimization, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganiswa kohlelo, ubuchwepheshe be-teleperity kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlinzwa bude be-Intanethi. Umkhuba wokuthuthuka kwesikhathi esizayo ubuchwepheshe, ubuhlakani, ukuhlanganiswa okuncane, ukuhlanganiswa nokwakhiwa kabusha. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo ukunemba, ukuphepha okuncane, ukuphepha nokuqina kwamarobhothi.
Imakethe:Ngokwesimo sezulu seWorld Health Organisation, ukuguga kwabantu baseChina kuzoba kubi kakhulu ngo-2050, futhi ama-35% wabantu abezoba ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60. Amarobhothi ezokwelapha angathola ngokunembile izimpawu zeziguli, anciphise amaphutha okusebenza ngesandla, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezokwelapha, ngaleyo ndlela axazulule inkinga yokuthola okunganele kwezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezifuywayo, futhi ube nethemba elihle lemakethe. I-Yang Guangzhong, isifundo se-Acatimic of the Royal Academy of Engineering, ikholelwa ukuthi amarobhothi ezokwelapha njengamanje insimu ethembisa kakhulu emakethe yamarobhothi asekhaya. Kukonke, ngaphansi kwedrayivu yezindlela ezimbili nokufunwa, amarobhothi ezokwelapha aseChina azoba nendawo enkulu yokukhula kwemakethe ngokuzayo.
Amathalente:Inqubo yocwaningo nentuthuko yamarobhothi ezokwelapha ibandakanya ulwazi lwezokwelapha, isayensi yekhompyutha, isayensi yedatha, i-biomechanics kanye nezinye izigwebo ezihlobene, kanye nesidingo samathalente ahlukahlukene ngezizinda eziningi ziye ngokuya ziphuthuma. Amanye amakolishi namanyuvesi nawo aqalile ukwengeza ama-majors ahlobene namapulatifomu ocwaningo lwesayensi. Isibonelo, ngoDisemba 2017, iShanghai Distration University yasungula i-Medical Robot Research Institute; Ngo-2018, iTianjin University yahola ekunikezeni konjiniyela obukhulu bokwelashwa "ohlakaniphile"; I-Major yavunywa, futhi iChina yaba yizwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukusetha iziqu ezikhethekile ze-undergraduate ezinkulu zokuqeqesha amathalente wobunjiniyela bokuvuselela ubunjiniyela.
Ukuxhaswa ngezimali:Ngokusho kwezibalo, ngasekupheleni kuka-2019, ingqikithi yemicimbi engu-112 yezezimali yenzeke emkhakheni wamarobhothi wezokwelapha. Isigaba sezimali sigxile kakhulu eduze komjikelezo. Ngaphandle kwezinkampani ezimbalwa ezinokuxhaswa kwemali okukodwa kwama-yuan ayizigidi eziyikhulu, amaphrojekthi amaningi we-robot wezokwelapha anemali eyodwa yezigidi eziyi-10, kanti inani lezezimali le-angel round asatshalaliswa phakathi kwezigidi eziyi-1 yuan kanye nezigidi eziyi-10.
Njengamanje, kunezinkampani ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze-Robot zokuqalisa amarobhothi eChina, ezinye zazo ziyindawo yezimboni zerobhothi lezimboni noma izinkampani zedivayisi yezokwelapha. Futhi ama-ventini amakhulu anjenge-zhenfund, inhlokodolobha ye-IDG, isikhwama se-tusholings, inhlokodolobha ye-GGV isivele isiqalile ukuhambisa futhi isheshise ijubane layo emkhakheni wamarobhothi wezokwelapha. Ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wezokwelapha sekufikile futhi kuzoqhubeka.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jan-06-2023