I-scalp Vein Setha Osayizi Babantu Abadala: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Isingeniso

Isethi ye-scalp vein, eyaziwa nangokuthi inaliti yovemvane, iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elivame ukusetshenziswa ekufinyeleleni kwe-venous. Idizayinelwe ukujova nge-intravenous (IV) yesikhashana, isampula yegazi, noma ukuphathwa kwemithi. Nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi isethi ye-scalp vein, ingasetshenziswa emithanjeni ehlukahlukene yomzimba—hhayi ekhanda kuphela.

Nakuba isetshenziswa kaningi ezigulini zezingane nezisanda kuzalwa, amasethi emithanjeni yesikhumba esetshenziswa nakwabantu abadala, ikakhulukazi lapho imithambo eseceleni kunzima ukufinyelela kuyo. Ukuqonda osayizi abamisiwe be-scalp vein kubantu abadala kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunethezeka kwesiguli, ukuphepha, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-IV okusebenzayo.

Iyini Isethi Ye-scalp Vein?

Isethi ye-scalp vein iqukethe inaliti encane yensimbi engagqwali enamathiselwe ezimpikweni zepulasitiki eziguqukayo kanye neshubhu ebonisa ngale exhuma kulayini we-IV noma isirinji. Amaphiko avumela umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuthi abambe futhi afake inaliti ngokulawula okungcono nokuzinza.

Isethi ngayinye ye-scalp vein ine-color-coded kuye ngobukhulu bayo be-gauge, enquma ububanzi benaliti nezinga lokugeleza. Izinombolo zegeji ezincane zibonisa ububanzi bezinaliti ezinkulu, okuvumela amazinga okugeleza aphezulu okufakwayo.

Kungani Kufanele Usebenzise I-scalp Vein Esethwe Kwabantu Abadala?

Nakuba ama-catheter e-peripheral IV avame kakhulu kubantu abadala, amasethi e-scalp vein asetshenziswa uma:

Imithambo ithambile, mincane, noma kunzima ukuyibona
Isiguli sidinga ukumnika i-IV yesikhashana noma ukuqoqwa kwegazi
Isiguli sizwa ukungakhululeki ngama-cannula ajwayelekile e-IV
I-Venipuncture kufanele yenziwe ngokuhlukumezeka okuncane

Ezimweni ezinjalo, isethi ye-scalp vein kubantu abadala inikeza inketho emnene futhi enembile.

I-scalp Vein Setha Osayizi Babantu Abadala

Usayizi we-aisethi ye-scalp veinkukalwa ngegeji (G). Inombolo yegeji ibonisa ububanzi bangaphandle benaliti - isibalo esiphezulu se-gauge, sincane inaliti.

Nakhu ukubuka konke okusheshayo kosayizi abajwayelekile besethi ye-scalp vein kubantu abadala:

Okunconyiwe Kwemithambo Yekhanda Lekhanda Setha Osayizi Babantu Abadala

Lapho ukhetha isethi ye-scalp vein yeziguli ezikhulile, kubalulekile ukulinganisa izinga lokugeleza, ukunethezeka, nesimo semithambo.

Ukuze uthole ukumnika okuvamile: 21G noma 22G
Lawa amasayizi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezigulini zabantu abadala, anikeza ibhalansi enhle phakathi kwezinga lokugeleza nokunethezeka.

Okokuqoqwa kwegazi: 21G
Isethi ye-scalp ye-scalp eyi-21-gauge isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphunza ngoba ivumela ukugeleza kwegazi okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokudala ukugoqeka komthambo.

Ukuze uthole ukumnika okusheshayo noma ukumpontshelwa: 18G noma 20G
Ezimweni eziphuthumayo noma zokuhlinzwa lapho umthamo omkhulu wamanzi kufanele unikezwe ngokushesha, igeji enkulu (inombolo encane) iyakhethwa.

Emithanjeni entekenteke: 23G noma 24G
Iziguli esezikhulile noma eziphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni zivame ukuba nemithambo ethambile engadinga inaliti ezacile ukuze kuncishiswe ukungaphatheki kahle kanye nokunciphisa ukulimala kwemithambo.

Indlela Yokukhetha Isethi Yemithambo Yekhanda Elungile

Ukukhetha usayizi olungile wesethi ye-scalp vein kuncike ezicini eziningi ezihlobene nomtholampilo kanye nesiguli:

1. Inhloso Yokusebenzisa

Nquma ukuthi ingabe isethi ye-scalp vein izosetshenziselwa ukwelashwa ngokufakwa, ukuthatha amasampula egazi, noma ukuphatha imithi yesikhashana. Ngokufakwa okude, igeji elikhudlwana (isb., 21G) lingaba nenzuzo.

2. Isimo se-Vein

Hlola ubukhulu, ukubonakala, kanye nobuthaka bemithambo. Imithambo emincane, ethambile idinga igeji ephezulu (isb, 23G–24G), kuyilapho imithambo emikhulu, enempilo ingabekezelela i-18G–20G.

3. Izidingo Zezinga Lokugeleza

Amazinga okugeleza aphezulu adinga amadayamitha amakhulu. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi se-IV hydration esheshayo, isethi ye-20G ye-scalp vein inikeza ukugeleza okusheshayo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-23G.

4. Induduzo Yesiguli

Ukunethezeka kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezidinga ukufakwa inaliti njalo. Ukusebenzisa inaliti ecolekile (igeji ephezulu) kunganciphisa ubuhlungu nokukhathazeka.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Amasethi we-scalp Vein

Ukulawula okungcono nokuzinza ngesikhathi sokufaka
Ukuhlukumezeka kwemithambo okuncishisiwe ngenxa yamaphiko aguquguqukayo
Ingozi ephansi yokukhishwa kwenaliti
Ilungele ukumnika isikhathi esifushane noma ukudonsa igazi
Ukungakhululeki okuncane ezigulini ezinemithambo emincane noma entekenteke

Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, amasethi emithanjeni yekhanda ahlala eyinketho ethenjwayo ezibhedlela, emitholampilo nasezilabhorethri.

Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Uma Usebenzisa Isethi Ye-scalp Vein

Noma idivayisi ilula, ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele balandele ukulawulwa kokutheleleka okufanele kanye nezinqubo zokuphepha:

1. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa amasethi emithanjana yesikhumba ehlanzekile, alahlwayo.
2. Hlola ubuqotho bephakheji ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
3. Gwema ukusebenzisa kabusha noma ukugoba inaliti.
4. Lahla isethi esetshenzisiwe ngokushesha esitsheni esibukhali.
5. Khetha usayizi wegeji ofanele ukuze uvimbele ukulimala noma ukungena kwemithambo.
6. Gada indawo yokumnika ukuze uthole ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu.

Ukulandela lezi zinyathelo kusiza ukunciphisa izinkinga ezifana ne-phlebitis, ukutheleleka, noma i-extravasation.

Okulahlwayo vs. Amasethi Emithanjeni Yekhanda Esetshenziswa Kabusha

Amasethi amaningi emithambo yekhanda yesimanje ayalahlwa, aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kanye ukuze agcine ubunyumba kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Amasethi angasebenziseka kabusha awavamile ukusetshenziswa ezilungiselelweni zomtholampilo namuhla ngenxa yemithetho eqinile yokulawula ukutheleleka.

Amasethi we-scalp vein alahlwayofuthi iza ngamadizayini ahlehliswayo noma ahosheka ngokuzenzakalela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha yenaliti, okunciphisa ukulimala ngephutha kothi lwenaliti.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha usayizi olungile wesethi ye-scalp vein ezigulini ezikhulile kubalulekile ekwelashweni kwe-IV okuphephile nokuphumelelayo.

Ngokuvamile, amasethi angu-21G–22G afanele izinqubo eziningi zabantu abadala, kuyilapho i-18G–20G isetshenziselwa ukufakwa ngokushesha futhi i-23G–24G isetshenziselwa imithambo entekenteke.

Ngokuqonda ubukhulu begeji, isimo semithambo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe, abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka kwesiguli kanye nemiphumela yomtholampilo.

Isethi ye-scalp vein ekhethwe kahle ayiqinisekisi kuphela ukufinyelela okuthembekile kwe-venous kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukuphepha okuphelele kanye nekhwalithi yokwelashwa kokumnika.