Uma kuziwa ekwelashweni okusebenzayo kwe-hemodialysis, ukukhetha okulungilei-hemodialysis dialyzer, futhiinaliti ye-dialyzerkubalulekile. Izidingo zesiguli ngasinye ziyahlukahluka, futhi abahlinzeki bezokwelapha kufanele bafanise ngokucophelela izinhlobo ze-dialyzer kanyeOsayizi benaliti ye-AV fistulaukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yokwelapha efanele. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola okuhlukileizinhlobo ze-dialyzer(ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphakathi, ukuguquguquka okuphansi),ama-dialyzer enaliti gauge(15G, 16G, 17G), kanye nobudlelwano babo namazinga okugeleza kwegazi, okukunikeza umbono ophelele wale mishini yezokwelapha ebalulekile.
Izinhlobo ze-Dialyzer
I-dialyzer ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izinso zokwenziwa. Ihlunga udoti kanye noketshezi oluningi egazini lapho izinso zingasakwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi ngempumelelo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zei-hemodialysis dialyzersngokusekelwe ekungeneni nasekusebenzeni: ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphakathi, nokuguquguquka okuphansi.
- Ama-Dialyzer aphezulu we-Flux: Lawa ma-dialyzer anezimbotshana ezinkudlwana, okuvumela ukususwa ngokushesha kwama-molecule amancane naphakathi, kuhlanganise nobuthi obuthize obukhulu ama-dialyzers wendabuko aphansi angakwazi ukuwuqeda. Ulwelwesi oluphezulu lwe-flux ngokuvamile luholela ezikhathini zokwelashwa ezifushane kanye nemiphumela engcono yesiguli, ikakhulukazi ekwehliseni izinkinga zesikhathi eside.
- I-Medium Flux Dialyzers: Ibekwe phakathi kwezinketho zokuguquguquka okuphezulu nokuphansi, ama-dialyzer aphakathi nendawo ahlinzeka ngokususa okusesilinganisweni kokubili kobuthi besisindo samangqamuzana amancane naphakathi. Zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho kunesidingo sokugunyazwa okuphumelelayo ngaphandle kokufaka ingozi yokulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwe-albhamuin.
- I-Low Flux Dialyzers: Lawa ama-dialyzer esizukulwane esidala anezimbotshana ezincane, aqondise ngokuyinhloko ukuphuma kwe-molecule encane, njenge-urea ne-creatinine. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa iziguli ezinezimo ezinzile kanye nemithwalo ye-toxin ephansi.
Ukukhetha i-dialyzer efanele ye-hemodialysis kuncike esimweni somtholampilo wesiguli, amandla okufinyelela emithanjeni, kanye nezinjongo zezempilo zizonke.
I-AV Fistula Needle Osayizi: 15G, 16G, kanye no-17G
Inalithi ye-AV fistula ingenye ebalulekileidivayisi yezokwelaphaku-hemodialysis. Izinaliti ziza ngamageji ahlukahlukene (G), ngayinye ifanele amazinga ahlukene okugeleza kwegazi kanye nezidingo zesiguli.
- Inalithi ye-Fistula engu-15G AV: Inkulu ngosayizi, inaliti ye-dialyzer engu-15G isekela amazinga aphezulu okugeleza kwegazi, ngokuvamile afika ku-450 mL/min. Ilungele iziguli ezidinga i-dialysis esheshayo noma lezo ezinokufinyelela okuqinile kwemithambo.
- I-16G AV Inalithi ye-Fistula: Kancane kancane, izinaliti ze-16G zivame ukusetshenziswa futhi zingakwazi ukuphatha amazinga okugeleza kwegazi cishe ku-300-400 mL/min. Banikeza ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kahle kokugeleza nokunethezeka kwesiguli.
- 17G AV Inaliti ye-Fistula: Incane kune-15G ne-16G, inaliti ye-17G isetshenziselwa amazinga aphansi okugeleza kwegazi, azungeze i-200-300 mL/min. Le nalithi ikhethwa ezigulini ezinemithambo ethambile noma ama-AV fistula amasha asakhula.
Ukukhetha igeji yenaliti ye-AV ye-fistula ayithinti nje kuphela ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kodwa futhi nesikhathi esideukufinyelela kwemithamboimpilo. Ukusebenzisa inaliti enkulu kakhulu ku-fistula ebuthakathaka kungabangela umonakalo, kuyilapho ukusebenzisa eyodwa encane kakhulu kungase kunciphise ukusebenza kokwelashwa.
Izinga Lokugeleza Kwegazi kanye Nokusebenza Kwe-Dialysis
Izinga lokugeleza kwegazi liyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukufaneleka kwe-dialysis. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokugeleza kwegazi eliphezulu lithuthukisa ukucaciswa kobuthi, kodwa kufanele lihambisane namandla e-dialyzer kanye nosayizi wenaliti ye-AV fistula.
- Ama-Dialyzer aphezulu we-Fluxngokuvamile zidinga futhi zisekele amazinga aphezulu okugeleza kwegazi (kufika ku-450 mL/min), okuwenza ahambisane nezinaliti ze-15G noma ze-16G.
- I-Medium Flux Dialyzersingasebenza ngokuphumelelayo ngezinga lokugeleza kwegazi elimaphakathi (300-400 mL/min), ilungele izinaliti ze-16G.
- I-Low Flux Dialyzersivame ukusebenza ngezilinganiso eziphansi zokugeleza kwegazi (200-300 mL/min), ihambisana kahle nezinaliti ze-17G.
Ukufanisa okungalungile kungaholela ezikhathini ze-dialysis ezingasebenzi, izikhathi zokwelashwa ezikhuphukile, noma ukucindezeleka okungadingekile ekufinyeleleni kwemithambo.
Isiphetho
Ukuqonda ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-dialyzer ye-hemodialysis, amageji yenaliti ye-dialyzer, namazinga okugeleza kwegazi kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle ye-dialysis. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha phakathi kwenaliti ye-fistula eguquguqukayo ephezulu, ephakathi nendawo, noma ephansi, noma ukukhetha inaliti ye-fistula eyi-15G, 16G, noma engu-17G AV, zonke izinqumo zithinta ngqo impilo yesiguli.
Kubahlinzeki bezempilo, ukuhlala unolwazi mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva kumishini yezokwelapha kuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu. Inhlanganisela efanele ye-dialyzer nosayizi wenaliti ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-dialysis kodwa futhi ivikela ukufinyelela kwemithambo futhi ithuthukise izinga lempilo yesiguli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-27-2025