ISINGENISO
Kwezempilo zanamuhla,Ichweba laseChemo(I-port efakwayo noma i-Port-a-Cath), njenge-port yesikhathi esideidivayisi yokufinyelela imithambo yegazi, isetshenziswa kabanzi ezigulini ezidinga ukumnika njalo, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukumpontshelwa igazi noma ukwesekwa kokudla okunempilo. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kweziguli, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ubuhlungu bokubhoboza okuphindaphindiwe kanye nengozi yokutheleleka. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola incazelo, imininingwane, isakhiwo, izinhlobo, izinzuzo kanye nendlela yokukhetha efanele ukukusiza uqonde ngokugcwele le divayisi yezokwelapha ebalulekile.
I. Iyini i-Chemo Port?
Ichweba leChemo, elaziwa nangokuthiI-Port-a-Cathnoma i-infusion port, iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elibekwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ukuze kube lula ukwelashwa nge-intravenous isikhathi eside. Liqukethe indawo encane yokugcina amanzi (i-port) exhunywe ku-catheter efakwa emthanjeni omkhulu, ngokuvamile esifubeni. I-port ivumela ukufinyelela okulula kokunikezwa kwemithi, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukufakelwa koketshezi, kanye nokukhishwa kwegazi, okususa isidingo sezinti zezinaliti eziphindaphindwayo.
I-chemo port ngokuvamile yenziwe ngezinto ezihambisana ne-biocompatible ezifana ne-titanium noma ipulasitiki ene-silicone septum ezivala ngokwayo. Ochwepheshe bezempilo bangafinyelela i-port besebenzisa i-specialinaliti yeHuber engagoqi, ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki nokunciphisa izingozi zokutheleleka uma kuqhathaniswa nama-catheter e-IV avamile.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwamachweba e-chemo kufaka phakathi:
1. ukumnika imithi ye-chemotherapy yesikhathi eside
2. ukwesekwa kokudla okunempilo kwabazali
3. ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo noma ukuqoqwa kwegazi
4. ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
5. ukuphathwa kobuhlungu
Imininingwane kanye nesakhiwo sechweba laseChemo (iPort-a-Cath)
1. Imininingwane
Imininingwane yamachweba e-Chemo ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwemigomo elandelayo:
- Usayizi: ububanzi besihlalo somjovo buvame ukuba ngamasentimitha angu-2-3 kanti ubukhulu bungaba yisentimitha elilodwa
- Umthamo: ivolumu ye-lumen yesihlalo somjovo ivame ukuba ngu-0.5-1.5 mL
- Usayizi we-catheter: usayizi ovame ukusetshenziswa ungo-6-10 French
- Ubude be-catheter: 20-90 cm kuye ngokuthi indawo yokufaka i-catheter ifakiwe.
2. Izingxenye zesakhiwo
Imbobo efakelwayo yakhiwe kakhulu yizingxenye ezilandelayo:
1. Isihlalo somjovo:
- Kwenziwe nge-alloy ye-titanium noma ipulasitiki
– I-diaphragm ye-silicone phezulu, engamelana nokubhobozwa okungaphezu kuka-2000.
– Ingxenye engezansi ine-port yokuxhuma i-catheter
2. I-Catheter:
- Yenziwe nge-silicone noma i-polyurethane
- Izakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokulwa nokutheleleka
– Kungase kube nomklamo we-flap ekugcineni.
3. Idivayisi yokulungisa:
- Isetshenziselwa ukubopha isibambi somjovo kanye ne-catheter
- Kuvimbela ukufuduka nokuphuma
Izinhlobo zamachweba angafakelwa (amachweba e-Chemo)
Ngokwezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlukanisa, ama-port angafakwa angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo
- Izibambi zomjovo we-alloy ye-titanium:
- Izinzuzo: amandla aphezulu, iyahambisana ne-MRI
– Okubi: Intengo ephezulu
- Izibambi zokufaka injection zepulasitiki:
– Izinzuzo: intengo ephansi, isisindo esilula
– Ububi: ukungahambelani kahle kwe-MRI
2. Ama-catheter ahlukaniswa ngokwendawo lapho ingxenye ye-catheter ikhona khona.
- Uhlobo lwemithambo ephakathi:
- I-catheter iphetha nge-vena cava ephezulu
– Kufanelekela izimo eziningi.
- Uhlobo Lomthambo Ongaphesheya:
– I-catheter iphetha ngemithambo yegazi engaphandle.
- Ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esifushane
3. Ngomsebenzi
- I-Lumen Eyodwa:
- Ukufinyelela okukodwa kokwelashwa okuvamile
- I-Lumen Ephindwe Kabili:
– Iziteshi ezimbili ezizimele zokufaka imithi ehlukene ngasikhathi sinye.
Izinzuzo ze-port efakelwayo (ama-Chemo Ports)
1. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside:
– Ingashiywa endaweni yayo iminyaka eminingana, okunciphisa ukubhoboza okuphindaphindiwe
- Kufanelekela iziguli ezidinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside
2. Ingozi ephansi yokutheleleka:
- Kufakwe ngokuphelele emzimbeni, kunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka
– Izinga lokutheleleka eliphansi kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nama-catheter emithambo yegazi engaphandle
3. Ikhwalithi yokuphila ethuthukisiwe:
– Akukho ukuphazamiseka emisebenzini yansuku zonke, ungageza ngokujwayelekile
- Ubumfihlo obunokubukeka okungabonakali
4. Nciphisa izinkinga:
– Ingozi encishisiwe ye-phlebitis, ukumuncwa kwezidakamizwa, njll.
- Nciphisa ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi
5. Ezomnotho:
– Izindleko eziphansi zokusebenzisa isikhathi eside kunokusebenzisa i-catheter ngokuphindaphindiwe
- Nciphisa isikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nezindleko ezihlobene
6. Izidingo zokunakekelwa eziphansi
- Ngokungafani nemigqa ephakathi yangaphandle, ama-port afakelwa adinga ukushintshwa nokunakekelwa okuncane kokugqoka.
7. Ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa okuthuthukisiwe
- Iqinisekisa ukufinyelela ngqo emithanjeni emikhulu, ithuthukisa ukumuncwa kwemithi futhi inciphise ukucasuka kwemithambo.
V. Indlela yokukhetha imbobo efanele yokutshalwa (ama-Chemo Ports)
Ukukhetha imbobo efaneleka kakhulu yokutshala kuncike ezintweni eziningana:
- Isimo Sezokwelapha:
- Ama-single-lumen ports anele ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ajwayelekile, kuyilapho ama-double-lumen ports engcono ezigulini ezidinga ukumuncwa kwemithi ngasikhathi sinye.
- Kunconywa ama-port afakwa ngogesi ezigulini ezithwetshulwa izithombe ezithuthukisiwe njalo.
- Ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye ne-MRI:
- Iziguli ezine-allergies zensimbi kufanele zikhethe ama-port epulasitiki.
- Ama-port e-titanium ahambisana ne-MRI ayathandwa ezigulini ezidinga ukuskena kwezithombe okuvamile.
- Usayizi Wechweba Nokubekwa Kwalo:
- Cabanga ngobukhulu bomzimba wesiguli kanye nendawo oyifunayo yokubeka i-port (isifuba vs. ingalo).
- Ama-port amancane angase afaneleke ezigulini zezingane noma kubantu abanamafutha amancane emzimbeni.
- Imvamisa Yokusetshenziswa:
- Uma kudingeka ukudonswa kwegazi njalo noma ukuminywa, i-double-lumen noma i-power-injection port iyasiza.
- Isincomo Somhlinzeki Wezempilo:
- Ukubonisana nodokotela noma udokotela wezifo zomdlavuza kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo lwe-port luhambisana nohlelo lokwelashwa kwesiguli kanye nendlela yokuphila.
VI. Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga i-port efakelwa (ama-Chemo Ports)
1.Umkhiqizo kanye nomkhiqizi
Khetha abakhiqizi abadumile abanezitifiketi ze-FDA, CE, noma ze-ISO13485 ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha.
2. Ukuhambisana kwezinto eziphilayo
Qinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo (i-titanium, i-silicone, noma ipulasitiki) ziyahambisana nezinto eziphilayo futhi zinciphise ingozi yokusabela kokungezwani komzimba.
3. Ukuqina kanye nokupakisha
Imbobo kufanele ihlanzwe kusengaphambili futhi ivalwe emaphaketheni angaphazamisi ukuphambuka ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokutheleleka.
4. Ukubonakala kwechweba kanye nokuhlonza
Amanye amachweba eza nezimpawu zokukhomba noma izici ze-radiopaque ezifakiwe ukuze kube lula ukuzibona ngesikhathi sokuskena izithombe.
5. Ukuhambisana kwenaliti
Qinisekisa ukuthi ichweba liyahambisana nezinaliti ezijwayelekile zeHuber ukuze kube lula futhi kuvikeleke ukufinyelela.
6. Intengo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko
Nakuba kungase kube nemingcele yesabelomali, beka phambili ikhwalithi nokuqina ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushintshwa njalo noma izinkinga.
7.Izibuyekezo zabasebenzisi kanye nempendulo yezokwelapha
Cabanga ngempendulo evela kochwepheshe bezempilo mayelana nokuthembeka nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo ehlukene ye-port.
8. Ukusekelwa koqeqesho:
Qinisekisa ukuthi umhlinzeki unikeza ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti ngokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo.
Qonda iziqondiso zokulungisa umkhiqizo kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Izici zechweba elingafakwa (amachweba e-Chemo) ezinikezwe yi-Shanghai Teamstand Corporation
Isikhwama se-capsular esinomklamo ongaphambili ocacile sivumela ukusika okuncane.
Imbobo enamaphuzu amathathu enomklamo wembobo ye-sutural yenza iqine kakhudlwana.
Ukukhiya koxhumano olungenakugoqeka.
Imbobo ye-polysulfone ilula, inemizwa yomzimba wangaphandle.
Kulula ukuyifaka. Kulula ukuyinakekela.
Kuhloswe ukunciphisa amazinga ezinkinga.
MR Okunemibandela kuze kufike ku-3-Tesla.
Ukumaka kwe-8.5F Radiopaque CT okufakwe ku-port septum ukuze kubonakale ngaphansi kwe-x-ray.
Ivumela ukujova kwamandla kufika ku-5mL/sec kanye nesilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-300psi.
Iyahambisana nazo zonke izinaliti zamandla.
Ukumaka kwe-Radiopaque CT okufakwe ku-port septum ukuze kubonakale ngaphansi kwe-x-ray.
Isiphetho
Njengomuntu othuthukileidivayisi yezokwelapha, amachweba angafakelwa(Amachweba e-Chemo)ukuhlinzeka ngesisombululo esiphephile nesilula ezigulini ezidinga ukwelashwa ngemithambo yegazi isikhathi eside. Ngokuqonda imininingwane, ukwakhiwa, izinhlobo kanye nezinzuzo zamachweba okufaka umuthi, iziguli namaqembu ezempilo bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa. Ukucatshangelwa okufanele kwezidingo zesiguli, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nensizakalo yomthengisi ngesikhathi sokuthenga nokusetshenziswa kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa imiphumela yokwelashwa kanye nokuphepha kwesiguli. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukwakheka kanye nokusebenza kwamachweba okufakelwa kuzoqhubeka nokulungiswa ukuze kube nokuhlangenwe nakho okungcono kwesiguli.
Uma uthenga i-port efakelwayo (ama-Chemo Ports), qiniseka ukuthi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha, iyahambisana nezinto eziphilayo, futhi iyahambisana nezesekeli ezidingekayo. Ngokukhethwa nokunakekelwa okufanele, ama-port afakelwayo (ama-chemo ports) angathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kweziguli ezidinga ukufinyelela okwengeziwe kwe-IV.
Ngokulandela lo mhlahlandlela ophelele, iziguli kanye nochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana ne-port efakwayo efaneleke kakhulu (i-Chemo port) yokwelashwa nge-intravenous isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-31-2025