Izinaliti Zokuqoqwa Kwegazi: Izinhlobo, Izikali, kanye Nokukhetha Inalithi Efanelekile

Ukuqoqwa kwegazi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, ukuqapha ukwelashwa, kanye nocwaningo. Inqubo ngokuvamile ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ekhethekile eyaziwa ngokuthi ainaliti yokuqoqa igazi. Ukukhethwa kwenaliti kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukunethezeka kwesiguli, ukunciphisa izinkinga, nokuthola isampula eyanele yokuhlaziywa. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinhlobo zezinaliti zokuqoqa igazi, amageji azo avamile, nemihlahlandlela yokukhetha inaliti efanelekile yezimo ezithile.

Izinhlobo Zezinaliti Zokuqoqwa Kwegazi

1. Izinaliti eziqondile(Izinalithi zeVenipuncture)Izinaliti eziqondile yizona ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ivenipuncture. Anamathiselwe kusibambi esifaka amashubhu e-vacuum. Lezi zinaliti zihlukahlukene, zithembekile, futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi kuzilungiselelo zomtholampilo. Izinaliti eziqondile zifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukudonsa kwegazi okujwayelekile ezigulini ezinemithambo efinyeleleka kalula.

2. Izinaliti Butterfly(Amasethi Okufakwa Kwamaphiko)Izinaliti zovemvane zincane, izinaliti eziguquguqukayo ezinamaphiko epulasitiki nhlangothi zombili. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukudonsa igazi emithanjeni emincane noma entekenteke, njengaleyo yezingane noma iziguli esezikhulile. Amaphiko ahlinzeka ngokubamba nokulawula okungcono, okuwenza alungele ama-venipuncture ayinselele noma ezigulini ezinokufinyelela okunzima kwe-venous.

3. Izinaliti Zokusetshenziswa KwesirinjiLezi zinaliti zenzelwe ukuthi zixhunywe kumasirinji ukuze kuqoqwe igazi mathupha. Zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho ukulawulwa okunembile kokugeleza kwegazi kuyadingeka noma lapho imithambo inzima ukufinyelela.

4. Ama-lancetsAma-Lancets amadivaysi amancane, abukhali asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekuthathweni kwegazi le-capillary. Zilungele izimo ezidinga umthamo wegazi omncane, njengokuqapha ushukela noma izinti zezithende ezisanda kuzalwa.

5. Izinaliti EzikhethekileEzinye izinaliti zidizayinelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize, njengokuthatha amasampula egazi noma ukunikela ngegazi. Lezi zingase zehluke ngosayizi, umumo, nezici zedizayini ukuze zihlangabezane nezinjongo zazo ezihlukile.

I-Common Needle Gauges ye-venipuncture

Igeji yenaliti ibhekisela kububanzi bayo, nezinombolo ezincane ezibonisa amadiamitha amakhulu. Amageji ajwayelekile ezinaliti zokuqoqa igazi ahlanganisa:

• 21 Isilinganiso:Lesi yigeji esetshenziswa kakhulu yokudonsa igazi okujwayelekile. Inikeza ibhalansi phakathi kwesilinganiso sokugeleza kwesampula nokunethezeka kwesiguli.
• 22 Isilinganiso:Incane kancane kunegeji engu-21, ilungele iziguli ezinemithambo emincane noma entekenteke kakhulu, njengezingane noma abantu abadala.
• 23 Isilinganiso:Esetshenziswa kaningi ngezinaliti zovemvane, le gauge ifanele iziguli ezinokufinyelela okunzima kwe-venous noma zokudonsa igazi emithanjeni emincane.
• 25 Isilinganiso:Isetshenziselwa imithambo ethambile kakhulu, kodwa ayivamisile ukusetshenzelwa ekuqoqweni kwegazi okujwayelekile ngenxa yamandla e-hemolysis kanye nokuhamba kancane kwegazi.
• 16-18 Isilinganiso:Lezi izinaliti ezinkulu ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukunikela ngegazi noma i-phlebotomy yokwelapha, lapho ukugeleza kwegazi ngokushesha kuyadingeka.

Indlela Yokukhetha Inalithi Efanelekile yokudonsa igazi

Ukukhetha inaliti efanele yokuqoqwa kwegazi kuhilela ukucabangela izici eziningana, okuhlanganisa isimo sesiguli, ukufinyeleleka kwemithambo, kanye nenjongo yokudonsa igazi. Ngezansi eminye imihlahlandlela ebalulekile:

1. Hlola Isiguli
   • Ubudala kanye Nosayizi Wemithambo:Ezinganeni noma ezigulini esezikhulile ezinemithambo emincane, inaliti engu-22- noma 23-gauge ingase ifaneleke kakhulu. Ezinsaneni, inaliti ye-lancet noma i-butterfly ivame ukusetshenziswa.
   • Isimo se-Vein:Imithambo entekenteke, enezibazi, noma egoqekayo ingase idinge igeji encane noma inaliti yovemvane ukuze ilawuleke kangcono.
2. Cabangela Umthamo Wegazi Odingekayo
   • Amavolumu amakhulu, njengalawo adingekayo ekunikeleni ngegazi, adinga amageji amakhulu (igeji engu-16-18) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza kwegazi okuphumelelayo.
   • Ukuze uthole izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezidinga amavolumu amancane, izinaliti zegeji ezingama-21 noma ezingama-22 zanele.
3. Inhloso Yokudonsa Igazi
   • Ukuze uthole i-venipuncture evamile, inaliti eqondile enobukhulu obungama-21-gauge ngokuvamile yanele.
   • Ngezinqubo ezikhethekile, njengokuqoqwa kwegesi egazini, sebenzisa izinaliti eziklanyelwe leyo njongo.
4. Induduzo Yesiguli
   • Ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki kubalulekile. Izinaliti zegeji ezincane (isb., 22 noma 23) azibuhlungu kangako futhi zifaneleka kangcono iziguli ezine-phobia inaliti noma isikhumba esibucayi.
5. Ukucatshangelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe
   • Ingozi ye-Hemolysis: Izinaliti zegeji ezincane zandisa ingozi ye-hemolysis (ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi), okungathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Sebenzisa igeji enkulu kunazo zonke efanele umthambo kanye nesimo sesiguli.
   • Ukuphatha Kalula: Izinaliti zovemvane zinikeza ukulawula okukhulu, okuzenza zilungele odokotela abanolwazi oluncane noma ama-venipuncture anzima.

Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokuqoqwa Kwegazi

• Ukulungiselela:Lungiselela kahle isiza nge-antiseptic futhi usebenzise i-tourniquet ukuthola umthambo.
• Icebo:Faka inaliti nge-engeli efanele (ngokuvamile i-15-30 degrees) futhi uqinisekise ukunamathisela okuvikelekile ohlelweni lokuqoqa.
• Ukuxhumana Kwesiguli:Yazisa isiguli ngenqubo yokudambisa ukukhathazeka.
• Ukunakekelwa Kwangemva Kwenqubo:Faka ingcindezi endaweni yokubhoboza ukuze uvimbele ukulimaza futhi uqinisekise ukulahlwa okufanele kwezinaliti esitsheni esibukhali.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha inaliti efanele yokuqoqa igazi kubalulekile enqubweni ephumelelayo, ukunethezeka kwesiguli, nobuqotho besampula yegazi. Ngokuqonda izinhlobo, amageji avamile, kanye nezici ezithonya ukukhethwa kwezinaliti, ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo futhi banikeze izinga eliphezulu lokunakekelwa. Ukuqeqeshwa okufanele nokubambelela emikhubeni ehamba phambili kuqinisekisa ukuqoqwa kwegazi okuphephile nokusebenza kahle, okuzuzisa iziguli kanye nabelaphi.