Inaliti ye-AV Fistula ye-Hemodialysis: Ukusetshenziswa, Izinzuzo, Usayizi, kanye Nezinhlobo

Izinaliti ze-fistula ze-Arteriovenous (AV)badlala indima ebalulekile kui-hemodialysis, ukwelashwa okusekela impilo kweziguli ezinenkinga yezinso. Lezi zinalithi zisetshenziselwa ukufinyelela egazini lesiguli nge-AV fistula, ukuxhumana okwenziwe ngokuhlinzwa phakathi komthambo nomthambo, okuvumela ukugeleza kwegazi okuphumelelayo ngesikhathi sokuhlanza igazi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa, izinzuzo, ubukhulu, kanye nezinhlobo zezinalithi ze-AV fistula ukuze sinikeze umbono ophelele walesi sisetshenziswa sezokwelapha esibalulekile.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinaliti Ze-AV Fistula ku-Hemodialysis

Inaliti ye-AV fistula yenzelwe ngqo iziguli ezihlinzwa nge-hemodialysis. I-AV fistula, eyakheka engalweni yesiguli, isebenza njengendawo yokufinyelela isikhathi eside yenqubo ye-dialysis. Ngesikhathi se-hemodialysis, inaliti ye-AV fistula ifakwa kwi-fistula, okuvumela igazi ukuthi liphume emzimbeni liye emshinini we-dialysis, lapho lihlungwa khona bese libuyiselwa esigulini.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale naliti ukuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela okusebenzayo nokuthembekile kwemithambo yegazi ukuze kuvunyelwe ukugeleza kwegazi okuhle, okubalulekile enkambisweni ye-dialysis ukuze kususwe ubuthi kanye noketshezi oluningi egazini ngempumelelo. Ukufakwa kwenaliti ye-AV fistula kudinga ukunemba nokunakekelwa, njengoba ukubekwa okungalungile kungabangela izinkinga, njengokungena (lapho inaliti ingena odongeni lwemithambo yegazi), ukopha, noma ukutheleleka.

Izinzuzo zeIzinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Izinaliti ze-AV fistula zinikeza izinzuzo eziningana kumongo we-hemodialysis, ikakhulukazi uma zisetshenziswa ne-fistula eyakhiwe kahle futhi enakekelwe kahle. Ezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

1. Ukufinyelela Okuthembekile Ekugelezeni Kwegazi: Izinaliti ze-AV fistula zenzelwe ukunikeza ukufinyelela okuzinzile nokuhlala isikhathi eside emithanjeni yegazi. I-fistula ivumela amazinga aphezulu okugeleza kwegazi, okubalulekile ekuhlanzeni igazi ngempumelelo. Ukusebenzisa lezi zinaliti kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okufanele egazini futhi kusiza ekugcineni ikhwalithi yeseshini ye-dialysis.

2. Ingozi Encishisiwe Yokutheleleka: Uma kuqhathaniswaama-catheter emithambo yegazi ephakathi(ama-CVC) asetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni igazi, izinaliti ze-AV fistula zibeka engcupheni encane yokutheleleka. Njengoba i-AV fistula idalwe ngemithambo yegazi yesiguli, ingozi yokutheleleka njenge-bacteremia incishiswa kakhulu.

3. Ukuqina Okuqhubekayo: I-AV fistula ngokwayo iyindlela yokufinyelela imithambo yegazi eqinile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside kunezinye izindlela, njenge-grafts yokwenziwa noma i-CVC. Uma ihlanganiswe nezinaliti ze-AV fistula eziklanywe kahle, le ndlela yokufinyelela ingasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi, kunciphisa isidingo sezinqubo zokuhlinzwa eziphindaphindwayo.

4. Amazinga Okugeleza Kwegazi Athuthukisiwe: Izinaliti ze-AV fistula, ezihlanganiswe ne-fistula enempilo, zivumela ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono ngesikhathi se-dialysis. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo ye-dialysis, okuholela ekususweni okungcono kobuthi egazini.

5. Ingozi Yokuvinjelwa Okuncishisiwe: Njengoba i-AV fistula iwuxhumano lwemvelo phakathi komthambo nomthambo, inengozi ephansi yokuvinjelwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokwenziwa. Izinaliti ze-AV fistula zingasetshenziswa njalo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezivame ukuhambisana nezinye izindlela zokufinyelela.

Ubukhulu bezinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Izinaliti ze-AV fistula ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ngokuvamile zilinganiswa nge-gauge, enquma ububanzi benaliti. Ubukhulu obuvame kakhulu obusetshenziswa ku-hemodialysis buhlanganisa i-14G, 15G, 16G kanye ne-17G.

Ungakhetha kanjani ubukhulu benaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Ungakhetha kanjani ubude benaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Izinhlobo Zezinaliti Ze-AV Fistula

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinaliti ze-AV fistula ezitholakalayo, ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zeziguli ezisebenzisa i-dialysis. Izinhlobo zingahluka ngomklamo nezici, kufaka phakathi izindlela zokuphepha kanye nokulula kokufakwa.

1. Kusekelwe ezintweni ezibonakalayo

Izinaliti ze-AVF zivame ukwenziwa ngezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko: insimbi nepulasitiki.

a) Izinaliti Zensimbi: Izinaliti zensimbi ze-AVF yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanzeni igazi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinaliti zensimbi ezisekelwe endleleni yokukhipha igazi:

Izinaliti Ezibukhali: Unqenqema lubukhali, lusetshenziswa ekufakweni kwezitebhisi zezintambo.

Izinaliti Ezingacacile: Unqenqema luyindilinga, lusetshenziswa ekuthungeni imbobo yezinkinobho.

b) Izinaliti zepulasitiki: Zisetshenziselwa imithambo ejulile.
2. Ngokusekelwe Ezicini Zokuphepha

Izinaliti ze-AVF nazo zihlukaniswa ngokususelwa ekubeni khona kwezindlela zokuphepha, ezenzelwe ukuvikela iziguli kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo ekulimaleni ngengozi noma ekungcoleni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezibalulekile:

Izinaliti ze-AVF Ezilahlwayo: Lezi izinaliti ze-AVF ezijwayelekile ezingenazo ezinye izici zokuphepha.

Izinaliti Zokuphepha ze-AVF: Eziklanywe ngezindlela zokuphepha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, izinaliti zokuphepha ze-AVF zihlonyiselwe ukuvikela noma ukuhoxisa inaliti ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokusetshenziswa.

Isiphetho

Izinaliti ze-AV fistula ziyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo ye-hemodialysis, zinikeza ukufinyelela okuthembekile kwemithambo yegazi ezigulini ezidinga ukwelashwa kokwehluleka kwezinso. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo ku-hemodialysis kuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwegazi okusebenzayo, okuholela emiphumeleni ye-dialysis efanele. Ngobukhulu nezinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezinketho zokuphepha kanye ne-buttonhole, lezi zinaliti zinikeza induduzo, ukuqina, kanye nokuphepha kokubili ezigulini kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo. Ukukhetha usayizi wenalithi ofanele kanye nohlobo olusekelwe esimweni sesiguli kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isipiliyoni se-dialysis esiphumelelayo.