Inalithi ye-AV Fistula ye-Hemodialysis: Isicelo, Izinzuzo, Usayizi, Nezinhlobo

Izinaliti ze-Arteriovenous (AV) ze-fistulaukudlala indima ebalulekilehemodialysis, ukwelashwa okusekela ukuphila kweziguli ezinenkinga yezinso. Lezi zinaliti zisetshenziselwa ukufinyelela emithanjeni yegazi yesiguli nge-AV fistula, ukuxhumana okudalwe ngokuhlinzwa phakathi komthambo nomthambo, okuvumela ukugeleza kwegazi okuphumelelayo phakathi ne-dialysis. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa, izinzuzo, osayizi, kanye nezinhlobo zezinaliti ze-AV fistula ukuze sinikeze umbono obanzi wale divayisi yezokwelapha ebalulekile.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-AV Fistula Izinaliti ku-Hemodialysis

Inalithi ye-AV fistula yakhelwe ngokukhethekile iziguli ezihlolwa nge-hemodialysis. I-AV fistula, edalwe engalweni yesiguli, isebenza njengendawo yokufinyelela yesikhathi eside yenqubo yokuhlanza igazi. Phakathi ne-hemodialysis, inaliti ye-AV fistula ifakwa ku-fistula, okuvumela igazi ukuba liphume emzimbeni lingene emshinini we-dialysis, lapho lihlungwa futhi libuyiselwe esigulini.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale naliti uwukunikeza ukufinyelela okusebenzayo nokuthembekile kwemithambo ukuze kuvunyelwe ukugeleza kwegazi okufanelekile, okubalulekile kunqubo ye-dialysis ukuze kukhishwe ubuthi noketshezi oluningi egazini ngendlela efanele. Ukufakwa kwenaliti ye-AV fistula kudinga ukunemba nokunakekelwa, njengoba ukubekwa okungalungile kungaholela ezinkingeni, njengokungenwa (lapho inaliti ingena odongeni lwemithambo yegazi), ukopha, noma ukutheleleka.

Izinzuzo zeIzinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Izinaliti ze-AV fistula zinikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa kumongo we-hemodialysis, ikakhulukazi uma zisetshenziswa ne-fistula edalwe kahle futhi enakekelwa. Ezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

1. Ukufinyelela Okunokwethenjelwa Ekugelezeni Kwegazi: Izinaliti ze-AV fistula zenzelwe ukunikeza ukufinyelela okuzinzile, isikhathi eside semithambo. I-fistula ivumela amazinga aphezulu okugeleza kwegazi, okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-dialysis. Ukusebenzisa lezi zinaliti kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okufanele egazini futhi kusiza ukugcina ikhwalithi yeseshini ye-dialysis.

2. Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yokutheleleka: Uma kuqhathaniswaama-catheter e-venous ephakathi(CVCs) asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza igazi, izinaliti ze-AV fistula zibeka ingozi ephansi yokutheleleka. Njengoba i-AV fistula idalwe emithanjeni yegazi yesiguli, ingozi yokutheleleka njenge-bacterium iyancipha kakhulu.

3. Ukuqina Okukhulisiwe: I-AV fistula ngokwayo iyindlela ehlala isikhathi eside futhi ehlala isikhathi eside yokufinyelela kwemithambo kunezinye izindlela, ezifana nokuxhunyelelwa kokwenziwa noma ama-CVC. Ihlanganiswe nezinaliti ze-AV fistula eziklanywe kahle, le ndlela yokufinyelela ingasetshenziswa iminyaka, inciphisa isidingo sezinqubo zokuhlinzwa eziphindaphindiwe.

4. Amazinga Okugeleza Kwegazi Athuthukisiwe: Izinaliti ze-AV fistula, ezihlanganiswe ne-fistula enempilo, zivumela ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono ngesikhathi sokuhlanza. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo ye-dialysis, okuholela ekususweni okungcono kobuthi egazini.

5. Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yokujiyisa: Njengoba i-AV fistula iwukuxhumana okungokwemvelo phakathi komthambo wegazi nomthambo, inengozi ephansi yokujiyisa uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokwenziwa. Izinaliti ze-AV fistula zingasetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezivamile ezihlobene nezinye izindlela zokufinyelela.

Osayizi Bezinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Izinaliti ze-AV fistula ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ngokuvamile zilinganiswa ngegeji, enquma ububanzi benaliti. Amasayizi ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ku-hemodialysis afaka i-14G, 15G, 16G kanye ne-17G.

Ungakhetha kanjani osayizi yenaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Ungakhetha kanjani ubude benaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Izinhlobo zezinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Izinhlobo eziningana zezinaliti ze-AV fistula ziyatholakala, eziklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zeziguli ze-dialysis. Izinhlobo zingahluka ngomklamo nezici, okuhlanganisa izindlela zokuphepha nokufaka kalula.

1. Isekelwe Kundaba

Izinaliti ze-AVF ngokuvamile zenziwe ngezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko: insimbi nepulasitiki.

a) Izinaliti Zensimbi: Izinaliti ze-Metal AVF yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ku-hemodialysis. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinaliti zensimbi ezisekelwe kuhlelo lokukhanyisa:

Izinaliti ezibukhali: I-Edge ibukhali, isetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa iladi lezintambo.

Izinaliti Ezingaqondile: I-Edge iyindilinga, isetshenziswa embotsheni yezinkinobho.

b) Izinaliti zepulasitiki: Isetshenziselwa umthambo ojulile.
2. Ngokusekelwe Ezicini Zokuphepha

Izinaliti ze-AVF nazo zihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ekubeni khona kwezindlela zokuphepha, eziklanyelwe ukuvikela kokubili iziguli nabasebenzi bezempilo ekulimaleni kwengozi noma ukungcoliswa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezibalulekile:

Izinaliti ze-AVF Ezilahlwayo: Lezi izinalithi ezijwayelekile ze-AVF ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izici zokuphepha ezengeziwe.

Izinaliti ze-AVF zokuphepha: Idizayinelwe ngezindlela zokuphepha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, izinaliti ze-AVF zokuphepha zihlonyiselwe ukuvikela ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ukuhoxisa inaliti ngemva kokusetshenziswa.

Isiphetho

Izinaliti ze-AV fistula ziyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo ye-hemodialysis, enikeza ukufinyelela okuthembekile kwemithambo ezigulini ezidinga ukwelashwa ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinso. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo ku-hemodialysis kuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwegazi okusebenzayo, okuholela emiphumeleni elungile ye-dialysis. Ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nezinhlobo, okuhlanganisa ukuphepha nezinketho ze-buttonhole, lezi zinaliti zinikeza induduzo, ukuqina, nokuphepha kokubili kweziguli nabahlinzeki bezempilo. Ukukhetha usayizi wenaliti efanele kanye nohlobo olusekelwe esimweni sesiguli kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulwazi oluphumelelayo lwe-dialysis.